ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF NATIONAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY ON COMMUNITY BASED INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS IN SELECTED COMMUNITIES OF BAUCHI STATE, NIGERIA 2015-2016
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ABSTRACT
Displacement of Persons resulting from human conflicts is becoming an issue of global concern. Many Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) are settled in camps, but majority of these persons in North Eastern Nigeria are based in various host communities. These displaced persons need urgent, stringent and continuous support which is expected from the National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA). Therefore, this study is aimed at examining the effectiveness of NEMA in assisting the community based IDPs, between January 2015 to December 2016, in selected communities of Bauchi State. The main objective of the study was to explore the mandate of NEMA in the management of the IDPs with a view to assessing the extent of the application of the mandate in supporting the displaced persons. Reviewed literature suggested that NEMA draws its mandate from the NEMA Act, which was developed from International Disaster Response Techniques, and placed NEMA in the context of disaster response strategies,unveiled some challenges in accomplishing its mandates. Structural Functionalism, a theory which emphasizes on order, stability and consensus in the society was adopted as the theoretical Framework for the study. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were adopted for the study. For the quantitative technique, a total of 244 questionnaires were distributed to the IDPs in three communities of Bununu, Tulai and Liman Katagum, of which 229 were retrieved and analyzed. For the qualitative technique, a total of thirteen persons were interviewed in depth. Of these, four NEMA personnel, one person each from among the IDP leaders, leaders of the host communities and a community member was selected. The study found that although NEMA has been mandated to provide immediate support to the victims of other disasters, there was no explicit mandate on the support to be given to the conflict induced, community based IDPs. Instead,the type of support given to the camp based IDP‟s is offered to the community based, even though their needs and predicaments are not always similar. The study also found that although NEMA has a viable strategy for the management of persons afflicted with disasters, it has been hindered from providing effective management of the IDPs by numerous challenges. It is suggested that a specific policy should be formulated to mandate NEMA to provide services for the community based, conflict or insurgency induced IDPs whose quandary is peculiar in comparison to others. The study also suggest that States and Local Government Councils should be mandated to enact Laws that will enable them to fully fund SEMA and LEMA personnel and programmes for effective management of human conflict induced, community based IDPs.
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